Between two destinations, the available bandwidth on a path is equal to the hop with the lowest bandwidth link.
If the maximum capacity of this lowest bandwidth link is reached, congestion will take place resulting in traffic drops.
The obvious solution is to increase the link bandwidth capacity, but may not always be possible due to cost or technological restrictions.
Quality of Service technologies can be implemented to police and queue traffic, to prioritise essential services and support their requirements, leaving any remainder of bandwidth to be shared among lower priority services.
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